8-2 The student will demonstrate an understanding of Earth’s biological diversity over time. (Life Science, Earth Science)
Key Concepts:
Biological adaptations: species, traits, variations, adaptation, natural selection
Fossils: types of, fossil record Catastrophic environmental events: comet or asteroid impact, climate change, volcanic activity Geologic Time Scale: era, period, epoch Diversity of Life: Relative Dating: rock layering, law of superposition, index fossils, trilobites Extinction
Supporting Content Web Sites
“How Was the Geological Time Scale Developed?”
http://www.wisegeek.com/how-was-the-geological-time-scale-developed.htm
This is a short, concise description of the origin of the geological time scale.
8-2.4
“Rockman”s Geologic Time Chart”
http://www.rocksandminerals.com/geotime/geotime.htm
This explains the subdivisions and relationships of the categories of the Geologic Time Chart.
8-2.4, 8-2.5
“Endangered Animals-Extinction is Forever”
http://www.uen.org/utahlink/activities/view_activity.cgi?activity_id=3820
This site explains extinction and the causes of it. It has links to sites of nine extinct animals, including the Carolina Parakeet.
8-2.7
“Paleobiology: Fossils And Time”
http://www.emc.maricopa.edu/faculty/farabee/biobk/BioBookPaleo1.html
This includes a description of Paleobiology, the study of fossils, methods of age dating, the geological time scale with objectives, terms, questions, review and links.
8-2.2, 8-2.5
“Species Diversity and Biodiversity”
http://www.physicalgeography.net/fundamentals/9h.html
This site describes species diversity and biodiversity including the effects of major extinction events. It also includes links to other sites.
8-2.3
“Geologic Time”
http://pubs.usgs.gov/gip/geotime/contents.html
This site has links to information about geologic time, relative time scale, major divisions of geologic time, and index fossils (radiometric time scale and age of the earth are not part of this standard).
8-2.4, 8-2.6
“Three High-Altitude Peoples, Three Adaptations to Thin Air” ?????
http://news.nationalgeographic.com/news/2004/02/0224_040225_evolution.html
This site compares three high-altitude people and their adaptations to thin air.
8-2.1
“Welcome to Understanding Geologic Time”
http://www.ucmp.berkeley.edu/education/explorations/tours/geotime/index.html
This is a good site for introducing students to geologic time, including fossils, index fossils, relative dating, geologic time scale, and much more.
8-2.4, 8-2.5
“Adaptation”
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Adaptation
This site describes different types of biological adaptation.
8-2.1
8-3 The student will demonstrate an understanding of materials that determine the structure of Earth and the processes that have altered this structure. (Earth Science)
Key Concepts:
Earth Layers: crust, mantle, core Seismic waves: primary, secondary, surface
Earthquake: epicenter, seismograph Rock types: Igneous, Sedimentary, Metamorphic Rock cycle: Earth Resources: minerals, ores, fossil fuelsPlate Tectonics: lithospheric plates, plate boundaries Geologic Processes: volcanic eruptions, mountain building Geologic Imagery: aerial photography, satellite imagery, topographic maps
Supporting Content Web Sites
The Earth’s Layers
http://volcano.und.nodak.edu/vwdocs/vwlessons/lessons/Earths_layers/Earths_layers1.html
Using diagrams and text, this website explains the layers of Earth including relative position, density, and composition.
Indicators 8-3.1
Seismic Waves
http://aspire.cosmic-ray.org/labs/seismic/index.htm
Through animations, text, and questions, this website explains the 3 types of seismic waves.
Indicators: 8-3.2
Michigan Tech UPSeis
http://www.geo.mtu.edu/UPSeis/studying.html
Through diagrams, illustrations, and text, this website gives information on seismographs, seismograms, and how to locate the epicenter.
Indicators: 8-3.3
World of Rocks
http://www.albany.edu/dept/sisp/jjpowers/WebCollabS05/rocks/index2.html
This website explains the 3 large classifications of rock and using a diagram explains the rock cycle. A notes page is provided for students to use.
Indicators: 8-3.4
Mountain Maker, Earth Shaker
http://www.pbs.org/wgbh/aso/tryit/tectonics
Using animations, this website explains the geologic activity at the plate boundaries.
Indicators: 8-3.6
Volcanoes Online
http://library.thinkquest.org/17457/english.html
This website is designed as a tool to teach students about the structure of volcanoes, how they erupt, and the effects/advantages.
Indicators: 8-3.7
The Southern California Integrated GPS Network Education Module
http://scign.jpl.nasa.gov/learn/plate6.htm
Through animation and text, this website explains the various stresses that cause faults.
Indicators: 8-3.7
8.4 The student will demonstrate an understanding of the characteristics, structure, and predictable motions of celestial bodies. (Earth Science)
Key Concepts:
Solar system: planet, moon, asteroid, comet, meteor/meteoroid/meteorite
Sun: photosphere, corona, sunspots, prominences, solar flares, solar wind, auroras
Movements: revolution, rotation, day, axis, year, seasons, equinox, elliptical orbit
Moon: phases of the Moon, eclipses, solar eclipse, lunar eclipse, tides, spring tide, neap tide Gravity: mass, weight Galaxies: elliptical, spiral, irregular, light year
Tools: telescopes, satellites, space probes, spectroscopes
Supporting Content Web Sites
Solar and Heliospheric Observatory (SOHO)
http://sohowww.nascom.nasa.gov/
Provides the most recent images of the Sun as well as an extensive archive of information and animations about solar phenomenon. Includes images of flares, prominences, eclipses, and sunspots.
8-4.2, 8-4.3, 8-4.4
NASA Astronomy Picture of the Day
http://antwrp.gsfc.nasa.gov/apod/astropix.html
A daily image from a satellite, telescope, or observatory that is accompanied by an astronomer’s description of the significance of the picture. There is an extensive archive of previous entries and each image is hyperlinked to additional related images.
8-4.1, 8-4.10
NASA Jet Propulsion Laboratory: Welcome to the Planets
http://pds.jpl.nasa.gov/planets/welcome.htm
Provides factual information for each planet and some smaller bodies with details about the exploratory missions that have provided the information. Also includes a gallery of images for each artifact collected during recent expeditions.
8-4.1, 8-4.10
University Corporation for Atmospheric Research: Windows to the Universe Solar System News
http://www.windows.ucar.edu/tour/link=/headline_universe/solar_system/solar_system.html
An extensive collection of links to news articles and press releases about recent space
expeditions including those of the most recent space probes. Hyperlinked terms will reveal additional information about shuttle missions, probes, satellites and telescopes.
8-4.10
AmazingSpace Online Explorations
http://amazing-space.stsci.edu/resources/explorations/
Home page for nine on-line explorations and interactive games that include Galaxies Galore, Galaxy Hunter, Build a Comet, Comet Facts, Myths, and Legends, Planet Impact, and Telescopes from the Ground Up.
8-4.1, 8-4.9, 8-4.10
AmazingSpace Comparison of Galaxies
http://amazingspace.stsci.edu/resources/organizers/galaxy.php.p=Astronomy+basics%40%2Ceds%2Castronomybasics.php&a=%2Ceds
Graphic organizer that compares spiral, elliptical, and irregular galaxies.
8-4.9
Nova Online: To the Moon Lunar Puzzlers
http://www.pbs.org/wgbh/nova/tothemoon/puzzlers.html
Interactive site showing an animation of the relationship of the motion of the Moon relative to the Earth. Includes an explanation of the lunar calendar and phases of the moon.
8-4.4
Nova Online: Sinking City of Venice What Causes the Tides?
http://www.pbs.org/wgbh/nova/venice/tides.html
What Causes the Tides is an animation of the Sun-Earth-Moon system that illustrates the effect of gravity on tides, the relationship between distance, mass, and gravity, and a comparison of tides during different phases of the moon. Tidal Anomalies provides explanations of single high tides, neap tides, and time lags.
8-4.4, 8-4.6, 8-4.7
Atlas of the Universe
http://www.anzwers.org/free/universe/
This universal equivalent of Mapquest provides multiple representations of the universe at various light-years from our Sun. Each frame is 10-20 times farther out than the preceding one.
8-4.9
